Comparing the Clinical Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation with Traditional Speech and Language Rehabilitation in Children with Hearing Disabilities: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The use of telerehabilitation for the treatment of speech and language disorders in the field of hearing is increasing. A comprehensive study comparing telerehabilitation's effectiveness with traditional rehabilitation can help us understand it better. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to compare the effectiveness of telerehabilitation with traditional rehabilitation for speech and language disorders in children with hearing disabilities in 2023. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and the Web of Science from 2000 to February 28, 2023. The articles were selected based on keywords, determined criteria, and reviewed in terms of title, abstract, and full text. Finally, articles that were relevant to our aim were evaluated. Results: The initial search resulted in the extraction of 1,788 articles. After reviewing the articles and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine articles were selected for analysis. Four (44.44%) and 3 (33.33%) studies were case-control and quasi-experimental studies, respectively. Four (44.44%) studies were conducted in the United States. SPSS, Preschool Language Scales, fifth edition (PLS-5), and microphone were the most common tools, each of which included 4 (44.44%), 3 (33.33%), and (333.33%) studies. Conclusions: Traditional rehabilitation and telerehabilitation can effectively improve the speech and language skills of children with hearing disabilities. However, it is always suggested to use traditional rehabilitation first to achieve better results.

Prevalence of congenital anomalies and related factors in live births in Zahedan, Southeast of Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The term congenital anomalies (CAs) refers to structural or functional abnormalities at the time of conception. Approximately 12 deaths related to congenital disabilities occur in every 10,000 babies born. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of single and multiple CAs in live births in Zahedan, Southeast Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 59,087 live births in a referral hospital in Zahedan located in the southeast of Iran from 2009 to 2019. All live births were examined by pediatricians and the CAs and categorized based on the international classification of diseases. Results: Of 59,085 live births, at least 883 had a significant anomaly, and the prevalence rate of CAs was about 149 per 10,000. Anomalies of the nervous (24.1%) and cardiovascular systems (21.10%) were the most frequent, occurring in 213 and 187 of the live births, respectively. Spina bifida is the most common anomaly of the central nervous system. The most common anomalies in the cardiovascular system were unspecified heart malformations (17.1%), cardiovascular malformations (18.7%), and patent ductus arteriosus (11.7%). Significant correlations were found between the parent's consanguinity marriage, the mother's age, an existing anomaly in the family, and relatives in single and multiple CAs (p = 0.02, p = 0.02, p < 0.001, p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of CAs was 149 per 10,000 live births. The highest prevalence of CAs was related to the central nervous system. Increasing the public's knowledge about fetal defects can reduce the prevalence of CAs.

Success or failure of hospital information systems of public hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences: A cross sectional study in the Southeast of Iran.

INTRODUCTION: After implementation, evaluation of hospital information systems (HISs) is critical to ensure the fulfillment of the system goals. This study aimed to assess the success or failure of HISs in public hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study was performed in 2016. The study population comprised IT and HIS authorities and hospital information system users. The sample consisted of 468 participants. The data were collected using two questionnaires and analyzed with the SPSS software using descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS: The mean score of functional, behavioral, ethical, organizational, cultural and educational factors from the users' perspective was 3.14±0.66, 2.97± 0.60, 3.39±0.70, 2.96±0.642, 3.09±0.63, and 2.95±0.74, respectively. The mean score of organizational, behavioral, cultural, technological, educational and legal factors from IT and HIS authorities' perspective was 3.51±0.54, 3.35±0.45, 2.75±0.61, 3.58±0.32, and 3.96±0.59, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated hospital information systems were considered relatively successful in terms of functional, ethical, and cultural factors but were considered as a relative failure in terms of behavioral, organizational, and educational factors form the users' perspective. Only the legal factor showed success, while organizational, behavioral, technical and educational factors showed relative success and the cultural factor showed relative failure from HIS and IT authorities' perspective. Therefore, assessing the users' needs before implementing the system, involving them in various stages of implementation, training them, and improving their computer skills seem to be necessary to achieve a better level of system success.

Nature of intramolecular interactions of vitamin C in view of interacting quantum atoms: the role of hydrogen bond cooperativity on geometry.

The conformational analysis of six dihedral angles was calculated by second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) with the correlation-consistent aug-cc-pVDZ basis set. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was applied to gain a description of the atoms and chemical bonds. A high content of hydroxyl groups in vitamin C's (VC) structure leads to a wide range of intramolecular interactions. The nature of these interactions within the selected VC conformers was studied in view of the interacting quantum atom (IQA) approach. Complete IQA analysis of the atomic and interatomic interaction energies indicated hydrogen bond formation was responsible for the stability of most of the local minima in the potential energy surface. In these conformers, the tandem participation of interactions was operating by way of two- or three-centered (bifurcated) cooperative networks. For the intramolecular hydrogen bond interplay in cooperativity, changes of the IQA atomic and interatomic interaction energies of the participant interactions were monitored during the formation of cooperative networks. The results of the intramolecular cooperativity were evaluated with changes of the delocalization index and bond distances.